Laugesen–Siudeja's sharp area-perimeter eigenvalue conjecture for triangles

Let \triangle be a triangle, with area |\triangle|, perimeter |\partial\triangle|, and first Dirichlet eigenvalue λ1()\lambda_1(\triangle). Define

F():=λ1()π2162.\mathcal{F}(\triangle):=\lambda_1(\triangle)|\triangle|-\frac{\pi^2}{16}\frac{|\partial\triangle|^2}{|\triangle|}.

Laugesen–Siudeja's conjecture. The functional F()\mathcal{F}(\triangle) is minimized uniquely by the equilateral triangle, and its minimum value is 73π2/127\sqrt{3}\pi^2/12. This is a sharp quantitative refinement of Makai's inequality for triangles; the source gives no evidence that the conjecture has been resolved.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Ryoki Endo, Xuefeng Liu and Phanuel Mariano, “Sharp Dirichlet eigenvalue inequalities on triangles”, arXiv:2605.04331 (2026).

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