The two-place Laplacian matching root integral variation conjecture

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Let GG be a connected graph and let ee be a non-edge of GG. Write the nonnegative real roots of the Laplacian matching polynomial 4LMG(x)\44\mathscr{LM}_G(x)\4 in non-increasing order as λ1(G)≥⋯≥λn(G)\lambda_1(G)\geq\cdots\geq\lambda_n(G). Two-place LMRIV conjecture. When ee is added to GG, two-place Laplacian matching root integral variation does not occur; that is, it is not the case that exactly two roots increase by 11 while all remaining roots stay unchanged. This extends the known impossibility result for graphs satisfying g(G)/c(G)>7/6g(G)/c(G)>7/6, where g(G)g(G) is the girth and c(G)c(G) is the dimension of the cycle space, and remains open for general connected graphs.

References

Primary source

Sebastian M. Cioabă, Lele Liu and Yi Wang, “Two-place Laplacian matching root integral variations are impossible”, arXiv:2605.01760 (2026).

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