The two-place Laplacian matching root integral variation conjecture

Let GG be a connected graph and let ee be a non-edge of GG. Write the nonnegative real roots of the Laplacian matching polynomial 4LMG(x)\44\mathscr{LM}_G(x)\4 in non-increasing order as λ1(G)λn(G)\lambda_1(G)\geq\cdots\geq\lambda_n(G). Two-place LMRIV conjecture. When ee is added to GG, two-place Laplacian matching root integral variation does not occur; that is, it is not the case that exactly two roots increase by 11 while all remaining roots stay unchanged. This extends the known impossibility result for graphs satisfying g(G)/c(G)>7/6g(G)/c(G)>7/6, where g(G)g(G) is the girth and c(G)c(G) is the dimension of the cycle space, and remains open for general connected graphs.

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Primary source

Sebastian M. Cioabă, Lele Liu and Yi Wang, “Two-place Laplacian matching root integral variations are impossible”, arXiv:2605.01760 (2026).

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