Hermitian Wigner universality for level crossings
Hermitian Wigner universality for level crossings
Fix a real-valued probability distribution with mean zero and finite moments, and a complex-valued probability distribution with mean zero, unit variance, finite moments, and Hermitian symmetry . Let be the Wigner ensemble of Hermitian matrices whose diagonal entries are i.i.d. with law and whose upper-triangular off-diagonal entries are i.i.d. with law . Hermitian Wigner universality conjecture. If and are independent matrices from , normalized in the usual Wigner scaling, then the empirical level-crossing measures of converge as to the same probability measure as in the GUE limiting-density conjecture. Thus the limiting law is universal within the Hermitian symmetry class and independent of the particular laws and . The conjecture is the non-Gaussian universality extension of the Hermitian Gaussian result.
Sources & referencesView supporting material
Primary source
B. Shapiro, “Level Crossing in Random Matrices. III. Analogs of Girko's circular and Wigner's semicircle laws”, arXiv:2604.25785 (2026).
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