Possible non-universal corrections for constrained real ensembles

From papers

Consider real matrix ensembles with additional linear constraints, including real symmetric or other structured real matrices. Let ρ(λ)dxdy\rho(\lambda)\,dx\,dy denote an absolutely continuous limiting level-crossing measure on CP1\mathbb{CP}^1 that is invariant under the natural SO(2)SO(2)-action. Constrained-real correction conjecture. Such a density should have the form

ρ(λ)dxdy=h ⁣(1+λ22(1+λ2)2)dxdyπ(1+λ2)2,\rho(\lambda)\,dx\,dy=h\!\left(\frac{|1+\lambda^2|^2}{(1+|\lambda|^2)^2}\right)\frac{dx\,dy}{\pi(1+|\lambda|^2)^2},

where hh is non-negative and normalized so that the total mass is one; in the full real i.i.d. case, h1h\equiv1. The source presents this as an expected form rather than an established universality statement, reflecting possible non-uniform behavior caused by real symmetry constraints.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

B. Shapiro, “Level Crossing in Random Matrices. III. Analogs of Girko's circular and Wigner's semicircle laws”, arXiv:2604.25785 (2026).

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