Pseudocovariance-independence conjecture for GOE level crossings

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Let AnA_n and BnB_n be independent GOE matrices, and write the normalized complex Gaussian pencil as C^n(λ)=(An+λBn)/n(1+∣λ∣2)\widehat C_n(\lambda)=(A_n+\lambda B_n)/\sqrt{n(1+|\lambda|^2)}. Its entry pseudocovariance is

τ(λ)=1+λ21+∣λ∣2,q(λ)=∣τ(λ)∣2.\tau(\lambda)=\frac{1+\lambda^2}{1+|\lambda|^2},\qquad q(\lambda)=|\tau(\lambda)|^2.

Let Δn(λ)\Delta_n(\lambda) denote the discriminant of the pencil and let cnc_n be independent of λ\lambda. Pseudocovariance-independence conjecture. The pseudocovariance parameter does not contribute to the leading asymptotics:

1n(n−1)log⁡∣Δn(λ)∣=12log⁡(1+∣λ∣2)+cn+o(1)\frac{1}{n(n-1)}\log|\Delta_n(\lambda)|=\frac12\log(1+|\lambda|^2)+c_n+o(1)

in probability in Lloc1(C)L^1_{\rm loc}(\mathbb C). This would imply the uniform level-crossing law for GOE pencils; the unresolved issue is whether the pseudocovariance affects the leading logarithmic energy.

References

Primary source

B. Shapiro, “Level Crossing in Random Matrices. III. Analogs of Girko's circular and Wigner's semicircle laws”, arXiv:2604.25785 (2026).

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