Semiclassical Weyl law for the Baouendi–Grushin example

From papers

On T2\mathbb{T}^2, let X=xX=\partial_x, Y=2(1cosx)yY=2(1-\cos x)\partial_y, and let ΔH=X2+Y2\Delta_H=X^2+Y^2. The singular set is S={0}×TS=\{0\}\times\mathbb{T}, and c>0c>0 is the constant in the singular Weyl measure cδSc\delta_S. Semiclassical Weyl-law conjecture for the Baouendi–Grushin example. For q>0q>0 and every potential VC(T2,R)V\in C(\mathbb{T}^2,\mathbb{R}),

limh0+h3N(h2qΔHq+V)=cTV(0,y)32qdy.\lim_{h\rightarrow 0^+} h^3N^{-}\big(h^{2q}\Delta_H^q+V\big) = c\int_{\mathbb{T}} V_{-}(0,y)^{\frac{3}{2q}}\,dy.

This is motivated by the singular sR-dimension 33 and the corresponding singular Weyl measure; the source presents it as a conjecture and gives no resolution.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Raphael Ponge, “Noncommutative Geometry, Spectral Asymptotics, and Semiclassical Analysis”, arXiv:2604.15008 (2026).

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