Buttazzo–Gavitońe conjecture on the sharp upper bound for normalized torsional rigidity

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Let n≥2n\geq 2 and let Kn\mathcal{K}_n denote the class of convex bodies in Rn\mathbb{R}^n. For a domain Ω∈Kn\Omega\in\mathcal{K}_n, let T(Ω)T(\Omega) be its torsional rigidity, P(Ω)P(\Omega) its perimeter, and ∣Ω∣|\Omega| its volume, and define

F(Ω)=T(Ω)P2(Ω)∣Ω∣3.\mathcal F(\Omega)=\frac{T(\Omega)P^2(\Omega)}{|\Omega|^3}.

Buttazzo–Gavitońe conjecture. The sharp upper bound for F\mathcal F in arbitrary dimension is

sup⁡{F(Ω):Ω∈Kn}=2n2(n+1)(n+2).\sup\{\mathcal F(\Omega):\Omega\in\mathcal{K}_n\}=\frac{2n^2}{(n+1)(n+2)}.

The conjecture extends Makai's sharp planar upper bound to higher dimensions. Its status is not specified in the supplied text.

References

Primary source

Vincenzo Amato, Nunzia Gavitone and Rossano Sannipoli, “The Makai inequality in higher dimensions: qualitative and quantitative aspects”, arXiv:2604.14000 (2026).

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