Buttazzo–Gavitońe conjecture on the sharp upper bound for normalized torsional rigidity

Let n2n\geq 2 and let Kn\mathcal{K}_n denote the class of convex bodies in Rn\mathbb{R}^n. For a domain ΩKn\Omega\in\mathcal{K}_n, let T(Ω)T(\Omega) be its torsional rigidity, P(Ω)P(\Omega) its perimeter, and Ω|\Omega| its volume, and define

F(Ω)=T(Ω)P2(Ω)Ω3.\mathcal F(\Omega)=\frac{T(\Omega)P^2(\Omega)}{|\Omega|^3}.

Buttazzo–Gavitońe conjecture. The sharp upper bound for F\mathcal F in arbitrary dimension is

sup{F(Ω):ΩKn}=2n2(n+1)(n+2).\sup\{\mathcal F(\Omega):\Omega\in\mathcal{K}_n\}=\frac{2n^2}{(n+1)(n+2)}.

The conjecture extends Makai's sharp planar upper bound to higher dimensions. Its status is not specified in the supplied text.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Vincenzo Amato, Nunzia Gavitone and Rossano Sannipoli, “The Makai inequality in higher dimensions: qualitative and quantitative aspects”, arXiv:2604.14000 (2026).

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