Parity bias conjecture for missing integers in partitions

From papers

Let P(n,m)P(n,m) denote the number of partitions of nn with mm missing integers. Define

Me(n)=k=0n12P(n,2k),Mo(n)=k=1n2P(n,2k1).\mathcal{M}_e(n)=\sum_{k=0}^{\lfloor \frac{n-1}{2} \rfloor}P(n,2k),\qquad \mathcal{M}_o(n)=\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor \frac{n}{2} \rfloor}P(n,2k-1).

Thus, Me(n)\mathcal{M}_e(n) and Mo(n)\mathcal{M}_o(n) count partitions of nn with an even and odd number of missing integers, respectively. Parity bias conjecture. For n>34n>34,

Me(n)>Mo(n).\mathcal{M}_e(n)>\mathcal{M}_o(n).

This conjectures that, beyond the observed threshold, partitions with an even number of missing integers outnumber those with an odd number. The source presents this as an analogue of a known parity bias for partitions and gives no proof or resolution.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Subhash Chand Bhoria, Pramod Eyyunni and Subhrangsu Santra, “On the number of missing integers in partitions”, arXiv:2604.12557 (2026).

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