The square-root discrepancy conjecture for representative perfect matchings in bipartite graphs

From papers

Let Kn,nK_{n,n} be the complete bipartite graph with two parts of size nn, and let h ⁣:E(Kn,n)Rkh\colon E(K_{n,n})\to\mathbb{R}^k satisfy

h(e)11\|h(e)\|_1\leq 1

for every edge eE(Kn,n)e\in E(K_{n,n}). For a perfect matching MM, let fh(M)f_h(M) denote the representative-matching deviation associated with hh.

Square-root discrepancy conjecture. There is a perfect matching MM of Kn,nK_{n,n} satisfying

fh(M)=O(k).f_h(M)=O(\sqrt{k}).

The conjecture seeks to improve the O(k2)O(k^2) upper bound for representative matchings in bipartite graphs toward the known lower bound of k/2\sqrt{k/2}. It remains open in the supplied source.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Emma Hogan, Alex Scott and Dmitry Tsarev, “Colour-balanced subgraphs”, arXiv:2604.09449 (2026).

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