Erdős–Simonovits rational exponents conjecture

For a graph HH, let ex(n,H)\mathrm{ex}(n,H) denote the maximum number of edges in an nn-vertex graph containing no copy of HH. Erdős–Simonovits rational exponents conjecture. For every rational number r[1,2]r\in[1,2], there exists a graph HH such that

ex(n,H)=Θ(nr).\mathrm{ex}(n,H)=\Theta(n^r).

The conjecture asks which rational exponents occur as exact orders of single-graph Turán numbers. The source notes that the result is known for many values of rr, including the family r=2a/br=2-a/b with a,bNa,b\in\mathbb{N} and bmax{a,(a1)2}b\geq\max\{a,(a-1)^2\}, but it is not known in full generality.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Tao Jiang and Sean Longbrake, “Induced rational exponents near two”, arXiv:2604.05288 (2026).

Additional references

20 papers in this index state this conjecture (2012–2026). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2509.07750, arXiv:2507.16804, arXiv:2506.09020, arXiv:2501.12953, arXiv:2312.08265, arXiv:2304.14588, arXiv:2303.01997, arXiv:2203.03375, arXiv:2111.03309, arXiv:2109.01311, arXiv:2109.06110, arXiv:2009.10845, and 7 more.

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