Conjecture on the 2-tone chromatic number of cubic Halin graphs

Let GG be a cubic Halin graph of order nn, where a Halin graph is formed from a tree with no vertices of degree two and a cycle joining its leaves in their planar cyclic order. The conjecture. Every cubic Halin graph of order n6n\ge 6 is 22-tone 66-colorable.

This would improve the established upper bound for cubic Halin graphs and, since cubic Halin graphs are K4eK_4-e-free, would imply the third part of the Bickle–Phillips conjecture for this class. No cubic Halin graph requiring seven colors is known in the supplied text.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Hadeel Al Bazzal and Olivier Togni, “t-tone colorings of outerplanar and Halin graphs”, arXiv:2603.18674 (2026).

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