Four-parts conjecture for biregular bipartite labeled multigraphs

Let L1,R1,L2,R2L_1,R_1,L_2,R_2 be vertex sets of sizes n1,k1,n2,k2n_1,k_1,n_2,k_2, respectively, satisfying

n1k2=n2k1.n_1k_2=n_2k_1.

Let (L1,R1,E1,u1,v1)(L_1,R_1,E_1,u_1,v_1) and (L2,R2,E2,u2,v2)(L_2,R_2,E_2,u_2,v_2) be biregular bipartite labeled multigraphs with E1=E2=n1k2|E_1|=|E_2|=n_1k_2. For functions with common domain, let [u,v][u,v] denote the weighted complete bipartite graph or matrix determined by the multiplicities of labels, and let WL,RW_{L,R} denote the all-ones weighted complete bipartite graph on LL and RR. Four-parts conjecture. There exists a bijection ψ:E1E2\psi:E_1\to E_2 such that

[u2ψ,v1]=WL2,R1[u_2\circ\psi,v_1]=W_{L_2,R_1}

and

[u1ψ1,v2]=WL1,R2.[u_1\circ\psi^{-1},v_2]=W_{L_1,R_2}.

The conjecture is formulated in the same spirit as the balls conjecture and the paper proves a corollary and special cases; the full statement remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Ilya I. Bogdanov, Fedor Petrov, Anton Sadovnichiy and Fedor Ushakov, “Biregular bipartite labeled multigraphs and perfect matchings in bipartite tensor products”, arXiv:2603.18253 (2026).

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