Mirror and phase-flip symmetry conjecture for real minimal qubit PI codes

Let a minimal qubit permutation-invariant code have real codeword coefficients, written as αi\alpha_i and βi\beta_i, with minimal block length nminn_{\rm \min} for error weight tt. The observed relation is

βi=(1)iαnmini.\beta_i=(-1)^i\alpha_{n_{\rm \min}-i}.

Here the absolute-value relation is called mirror symmetry and the sign relation is called phase-flip symmetry. Real minimal PI-code symmetry conjecture. All minimal qubit permutation-invariant codes with real coefficients exhibit both the mirror and phase-flip symmetries in their codewords. The conjecture concerns the structure of every real minimal code beyond the numerically observed examples.

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Primary source

Liam J. Bond, Jiří Minář, Māris Ozols, Arghavan Safavi-Naini and Vladyslav Visnevskyi, “Permutation-invariant codes: a numerical study and qudit constructions”, arXiv:2603.10981 (2026).

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