Multiple minimizers via symmetry for a three-fold symmetric elliptic system

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Let Ω=B1(0)R2\Omega=B_1(0)\subset\mathbb{R}^2 be the unit disk, and impose the boundary conditions from Example, namely

ϕ1(θ)=max{cos(3θ),0},ϕ2(θ)=max{cos(3θ2π/3),0},ϕ3(θ)=max{cos(3θ4π/3),0}.\phi_1(\theta)=\max\{\cos(3\theta),0\},\qquad \phi_2(\theta)=\max\{\cos(3\theta-2\pi/3),0\},\qquad \phi_3(\theta)=\max\{\cos(3\theta-4\pi/3),0\}.

Multiple minimizers via symmetry. The constrained problem admits at least three distinct minimizers related by rotations through 2π/32\pi/3.

This predicts nonuniqueness caused by the three-fold symmetry of the domain and boundary data; the supplied text does not establish whether the claim has been proved or remains open.

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Primary source

Farid Bozorgnia, Avetik Arakelyan, Vyacheslav Kungurtsev and Jan Valdman, “Numerical Algorithms for Partially Segregated Elliptic Systems”, arXiv:2603.05991 (2026).

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