Multiple minimizers via symmetry for a three-fold symmetric elliptic system

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Let Ω=B1(0)⊂R2\Omega=B_1(0)\subset\mathbb{R}^2 be the unit disk, and impose the boundary conditions from Example, namely

ϕ1(θ)=max⁡{cos⁡(3θ),0},ϕ2(θ)=max⁡{cos⁡(3θ−2π/3),0},ϕ3(θ)=max⁡{cos⁡(3θ−4π/3),0}.\phi_1(\theta)=\max\{\cos(3\theta),0\},\qquad \phi_2(\theta)=\max\{\cos(3\theta-2\pi/3),0\},\qquad \phi_3(\theta)=\max\{\cos(3\theta-4\pi/3),0\}.

Multiple minimizers via symmetry. The constrained problem admits at least three distinct minimizers related by rotations through 2π/32\pi/3.

This predicts nonuniqueness caused by the three-fold symmetry of the domain and boundary data; the supplied text does not establish whether the claim has been proved or remains open.

References

Primary source

Farid Bozorgnia, Avetik Arakelyan, Vyacheslav Kungurtsev and Jan Valdman, “Numerical Algorithms for Partially Segregated Elliptic Systems”, arXiv:2603.05991 (2026).

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