Algebraic independence of logarithms of distinct primes

Let m1m\geq 1 and let p1,,pmp_1,\ldots,p_m be distinct primes. The field Q(z1,,zm)\mathbb Q(z_1,\ldots,z_m) of rational functions in z1,,zmz_1,\ldots,z_m is evaluated at zj=lnpjz_j=\ln p_j by the homomorphism

ψ:Q(z1,,zm)Q(lnp1,,lnpm).\psi:\mathbb Q(z_1,\ldots,z_m)\longrightarrow\mathbb Q(\ln p_1,\ldots,\ln p_m).

Algebraic-independence conjecture. The numbers lnp1,,lnpm\ln p_1,\ldots,\ln p_m are algebraically independent. Equivalently, ψ\psi is an isomorphism.

The conjecture is presented as a consequence of Schanuel's conjecture: unique factorization gives rational independence of the logarithms, and Schanuel's conjecture would then imply the asserted transcendence degree. Its unconditional status is not established in the supplied text.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Wayne M Lawton, “Joint distribution of leftmost digits in positional notation and Schanuels's conjecture”, arXiv:2603.03110 (2026).

Additional references

7 papers in this index state this conjecture (2010–2026). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2512.14077, arXiv:2512.03432, arXiv:1807.11044, arXiv:1603.05155, arXiv:1407.5165, arXiv:1011.3368.

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