Strong Cabling Conjecture

From papers

Let g0g\ge 0, b1b\ge 1, and q1q\ge 1 be integers. A triple (g,b,q)(g,b,q) is called realizable if there exist a knot KS3K\subset S^3 and a compact orientable essential surface FE(K)F\subset E(K) of genus gg, with bb boundary components and boundary slope p/qp/q for some integer pp. For an even integer b6b\ge 6, the triple (0,b,1)(0,b,1) is never realized.

Strong Cabling Conjecture. For any even integer b6b\ge 6, the triple (0,b,1)(0,b,1) is not realizable.

This conjecture is motivated by known restrictions on realizable triples: triples (g,1,q)(g,1,q) with q2q\ge 2 are not realizable, planar surfaces require q=1q=1, and the triple (0,4,1)(0,4,1) is not realizable. It implies the famous Cabling Conjecture, which asserts that a Dehn surgery on a knot in S3S^3 can yield a reducible manifold only when the knot is a cable knot and the surgery slope is that of the cabling annulus.

Progress summary

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Makoto Ozawa and Jesús Rodríguez-Viorato, “The realization problem of essential surfaces in knot exteriors”, arXiv:2602.17139 (2026).

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