Distinguishing conjecture for distinct immersion-closed classes

From papers

Let M1\mathcal{M}_1 and M2\mathcal{M}_2 be two distinct immersion-closed and union-closed graph classes. For graphs GG and HH, write G=MHG =_{\mathcal{M}} H when hom(K,G)=hom(K,H)\hom(K,G)=\hom(K,H) for every KMK\in\mathcal{M}. Distinguishing conjecture. There exist i,j{1,2}i,j\in\{1,2\} with iji\ne j and graphs GG and HH such that

G=MiHandGMjH.G =_{\mathcal{M}_i} H \quad\text{and}\quad G \ne_{\mathcal{M}_j} H.

This would strengthen the paper's homomorphism-counting results by showing that distinct immersion-closed, union-closed classes induce genuinely different equivalence relations. The source presents it as an open problem, and no resolution is specified.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Andrea Jiménez, Benjamin Moore, Daniel A. Quiroz and Youngho Yoo, “Homomorphism counting for immersion-closed classes is not isomorphism”, arXiv:2602.08738 (2026).

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