Odd-multiple valuation conjecture for inert Gaussian power sums

From papers

Let p7p\ge7 be a prime with p3(mod4)p\equiv3\pmod4, and write n=r(p1)n=r(p-1) with r1r\ge1. Odd-multiple valuation conjecture.

vp ⁣(Gr(p1)(p))={0,r even,3,r odd.v_p\!\bigl(\mathbf G_{r(p-1)}(p)\bigr)=\begin{cases}0,&r\text{ even},\\3,&r\text{ odd}.\end{cases}

Equivalently, among multiples of p1p-1,

vp(Gn(p))=0lcm(4,p1)n,v_p(\mathbf G_n(p))=0\quad\Longleftrightarrow\quad\operatorname{lcm}(4,p-1)\mid n,

for p3(mod4)p\equiv3\pmod4, and outside this locus the valuation is 33. The mod-pp behavior is known in the stated range, but the asserted valuation 33 for odd multiples, including all rpr\ge p, remains conjectural.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Nikita Kalinin and Faith Shadow Zottor, “A p-adic (p34) depth-5 supercongruence for Gaussian p-th power sums over a square”, arXiv:2602.00206 (2026).

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