A Kneser–Pollard theorem for higher representation sums

Let tt be a positive integer, let GG be an abelian group, and let A,BGA,B\subseteq G be finite subsets with A,Bt|A|,|B|\geq t. Write A+iBA+_iB for the set of elements of GG having at least ii representations as a sum from A+BA+B, and let H(S)\mathsf H(S) denote the stabilizer of a set SS. If

i=1tA+iB<tA+tBt2,\sum_{i=1}^t |A+_iB|<t|A|+t|B|-t^2,

then there exist subsets AAA'\subseteq A and BBB'\subseteq B such that

AA+BB<u,A+B=A+uB=A+uB,|A\setminus A'|+|B\setminus B'|<u,\qquad A'+B'=A'+_uB'=A+_uB,

and, on writing

H:=H(A+B)=H(A+uB)=H(A+tB),H:=\mathsf H(A'+B')=\mathsf H(A'+_uB')=\mathsf H(A+_tB),

we have

i=1tA+iBtA+tBt2u(Hu),\sum_{i=1}^t|A+_iB|\geq t|A|+t|B|-t^2-u(|H|-u),

where t=sH+ut=s|H|+u with u[1,H]u\in[1,|H|] and s0s\geq0 integers. Higher Kneser–Pollard conjecture. The stated structural conclusion should hold under the displayed small-sum hypothesis. The conjecture seeks a common generalization of Pollard's and Kneser's theorems for finite subsets of arbitrary abelian groups. The surrounding discussion presents it as a strong possible formulation and notes that further investigation may require altering portions of the statement; its resolution status is therefore not established by the source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

David J. Grynkiewicz and Runze Wang, “Pollard's theorem in general abelian groups”, arXiv:2601.17922 (2026).

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