Spectral interpretation of the deformation parameter

Let (A,ϕ,ψ)MαG(A,\phi,\psi)\in\mathcal{M}_\alpha^G be a solution and let b=HitαG(A,ϕ,ψ)b=\mathrm{Hit}_\alpha^G(A,\phi,\psi). Denote by Σb\Sigma_b the associated spectral curve and by LL the corresponding line bundle in the classical sense. Let L\mathfrak{L} be the relevant spectral line bundle, let π1(Σ)Σb\pi^{-1}(\partial\Sigma)\subset\Sigma_b be the boundary divisor, and let τ(ψ)\tau(\psi), ι\iota_*, \partial, ωΣ\omega_\Sigma, g(λ,α)g(\lambda,\alpha), and GeoLang0\mathrm{GeoLang}_0 have the meanings determined by the coupled Hitchin–He construction. Spectral interpretation of the deformation. The deformation parameter α\alpha and the field ψ\psi are encoded on the spectral curve as follows: the boundary condition τ(ψ)\tau(\psi) together with the deformation term αι((τ(ψ)))ωΣ\alpha\cdot\iota_*(\partial(\tau(\psi)))\cdot\omega_\Sigma induce, on the restriction of L\mathfrak{L} to π1(Σ)\pi^{-1}(\partial\Sigma), a ˉ\bar{\partial}-connection with a singularity supported on that divisor, whose residue or weight is α\alpha; the gauge transformation g(λ,α)g(\lambda,\alpha) that absorbs the boundary term corresponds to a specific holomorphic automorphism of L\mathfrak{L} near π1(Σ)\pi^{-1}(\partial\Sigma) removing the singular ˉ\bar{\partial}-potential and converting the deformed line bundle into an ordinary holomorphic line bundle; and under the classical correspondence GeoLang0\mathrm{GeoLang}_0, the singular ˉ\bar{\partial}-potential on the GG-side is transformed into prescribed monodromy around the boundary points for the associated local system on the LG^LG-side, so that α\alpha appears there as a deformation of the monodromy data of the dual flat connection. This conjecture proposes a spectral-geometric interpretation of the deformation parameter: it changes the presentation and boundary data of the spectral object rather than its intrinsic moduli-space geometry, while the precise analytic and geometric realization of the induced singular connection, its removal by gauge transformation, and the resulting dual monodromy remain to be established.

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Primary source

Haoran He and Qichen He, “The Coupled Hitchin-He Equations: Integrable Deformations and Rigidity of the Moduli Space”, arXiv:2601.16521 (2026).

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