The exact L(3,2,1)-labeling number of a 4-valent circulant with steps 1 and 3

From papers

Let nNn\in \mathbb{N} be even with n142n\geq 142, and let G=Cn(1,3,n3,n1)G=C_n(\\{1,3,n-3,n-1\\}). The invariant λ(3,2,1)(G)\lambda_{(3,2,1)}(G) is the minimum span of an L(3,2,1)L(3,2,1)-labeling of GG, meaning a labeling of the vertices by nonnegative integers such that labels of vertices at distances 11, 22, and 33 differ by at least 33, 22, and 11, respectively.

Exact labeling-number conjecture.

λ(3,2,1)(G)={11if 12n,12otherwise.\lambda_{(3,2,1)}(G)= \begin{cases} 11 & \text{if }12\mid n,\\\\ 12 & \text{otherwise.} \end{cases}

The preceding theorem establishes the upper bound λ(3,2,1)(G)12\lambda_{(3,2,1)}(G)\leq 12 for every even n142n\geq142, while the conjectured exact values require the corresponding lower bounds; the statement is presented as a conjecture in the source.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Přemysl Holub and Martin Kopřiva, “L(3,2,1)-labelings of three classes of 4-valent circulants”, arXiv:2601.12574 (2026).

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