Self-consistent R-transform equations for rotationally invariant random matrices

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Let B\mathbf{B} be a large rotationally invariant random matrix, with g1,B\mathfrak{g}_{1,\mathbf{B}} and g2,B\mathfrak{g}_{2,\mathbf{B}} denoting the corresponding transform components. For large ω\omega and z∈Cz\in\mathbb{C}, let R1,B\mathcal{R}_{1,\mathbf{B}} and R2,B\mathcal{R}_{2,\mathbf{B}} be the scalar R-transform components evaluated at (g1,g2)(\mathfrak{g}_1,\mathfrak{g}_2). Rotationally invariant R-transform conjecture. One expects

g1,B=ω−R1,B(g1,g2)(ω−R1,B(g1,g2))2−∣z−R2,B(g1,g2)∣2,\mathfrak{g}_{1,\mathbf{B}}=\frac{\omega-\mathcal{R}_{1,\mathbf{B}}(\mathfrak{g}_1,\mathfrak{g}_2)}{\left(\omega-\mathcal{R}_{1,\mathbf{B}}(\mathfrak{g}_1,\mathfrak{g}_2)\right)^2-\left|z-\mathcal{R}_{2,\mathbf{B}}(\mathfrak{g}_1,\mathfrak{g}_2)\right|^2},

and

g2,B‾=R2,B(g1,g2)−z(ω−R1,B(g1,g2))2−∣z−R2,B(g1,g2)∣2.\overline{\mathfrak{g}_{2,\mathbf{B}}}=\frac{\mathcal{R}_{2,\mathbf{B}}(\mathfrak{g}_1,\mathfrak{g}_2)-z}{\left(\omega-\mathcal{R}_{1,\mathbf{B}}(\mathfrak{g}_1,\mathfrak{g}_2)\right)^2-\left|z-\mathcal{R}_{2,\mathbf{B}}(\mathfrak{g}_1,\mathfrak{g}_2)\right|^2}.

These identities are expected to admit analytic continuation to all (ω,z)(\omega,z), with appropriate choices of branches of R1\mathcal{R}_1 and R2\mathcal{R}_2. This is presented as a consequence of the paper's main conjectural framework; the supplied text gives no evidence that it has been proved or disproved.

References

Primary source

Pierre Bousseyroux and Marc Potters, “R-transforms for non-Hermitian matrices: a spherical integral approach”, arXiv:2601.09360 (2026).

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