Fox's slice-ribbon conjecture

Let KS3=D4K\subset S^3=\partial D^4 be a knot. It is slice if it bounds a smoothly, properly embedded disk in D4D^4; it is ribbon if it bounds a disk whose only singularities are ribbon singularities, equivalently if some number of bands can be attached to KK to produce an unlink. The slice-ribbon conjecture. Every slice knot is ribbon. Every ribbon knot is already known to be slice, so the conjecture is precisely the converse implication and remains a famous open problem.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Ciprian Manolescu, “From knots to four-manifolds”, arXiv:2601.05425 (2026).

Additional references

5 papers in this index state this conjecture (2018–2026). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2108.10400, arXiv:2101.00865, arXiv:1811.09639, arXiv:1801.07158.

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