Vanishing-Λ\Lambda black hole stability conjecture

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Let gM,a{\bf g}_{M,a} be a subextremal Kerr metric. Let (Σ0,g0,k0)(\Sigma_0,g_0,k_0) be a suitably small perturbation of its initial data, where Σ0\Sigma_0 is a 3-dimensional manifold, g0g_0 is a Riemannian metric on Σ0\Sigma_0, and k0k_0 is a symmetric 2-tensor satisfying the constraint equations. Suppose (ΣΛ,gΛ,kΛ)(\Sigma_\Lambda,g_\Lambda,k_\Lambda) is a family of initial data converging in an appropriate sense to (Σ0,g0,k0)(\Sigma_0,g_0,k_0) and is itself a small perturbation of the initial data of the subextremal Kerr-de Sitter metric gM,a,Λ{\bf g}_{M,a,\Lambda}. Vanishing-Λ\Lambda black hole stability conjecture. The evolution of (ΣΛ,gΛ,kΛ)(\Sigma_\Lambda,g_\Lambda,k_\Lambda) converges in an appropriate sense to the evolution of (Σ0,g0,k0)(\Sigma_0,g_0,k_0) on regions where both t,rΛ12t,r\lesssim\Lambda^{-\frac12}. The conjecture concerns the singular vanishing-Λ\Lambda limit: Kerr perturbations decay polynomially, whereas slowly rotating Kerr-de Sitter perturbations decay exponentially, and the two spacetimes have different asymptotic structures. The required convergence in the expanding regions t,rΛ1/2t,r\lesssim\Lambda^{-1/2} remains open.

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Primary source

Allen Juntao Fang, Jérémie Szeftel and Arthur Touati, “Teukolsky on slowly-rotating Kerr-de Sitter in the vanishing Λ limit”, arXiv:2601.04117 (2026).

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