The panchromatic–bipanchromatic number equality conjecture

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Let HH be a hypergraph. Write χp(H)\chi_p(H) for its panchromatic number, χp2(H)\chi^2_p(H) for its bipanchromatic number, and let αχp(H)(H)\alpha_{\chi_p(H)}(H) be the minimum number of unique colors among all panchromatic χp(H)\chi_p(H)-colorings of HH. The panchromatic–bipanchromatic equality conjecture. Every hypergraph HH satisfies

χp2(H)=χp(H)−⌈αχp(H)(H)2⌉.\chi^2_p(H)=\chi_p(H)-\left\lceil\frac{\alpha_{\chi_p(H)}(H)}{2}\right\rceil.

The equality would give a general relation between panchromatic and bipanchromatic coloring numbers. The source reports computational tests on randomly generated hypergraphs in the stated parameter ranges, but provides no proof or disproof.

References

Primary source

Mohammed Lalou, Nader Mbarek, Abdallah Skender and Olivier Togni, “Completely Independent Spanning Trees in Split Graphs: Structural Properties and Complexity”, arXiv:2512.15486 (2026).

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