Existence conjecture for the frog-model phase transition on transitive graphs

Let G=(V,E)G=(V,E) be a transitive graph with superlinear growth. For xuinVx uin V, let Bx(n)B_x(n) denote the ball of radius nn centered at xx, and write gx(n)=Bx(n)g_x(n)=|B_x(n)|. The graph has superlinear growth if lim supng(n)/n=+\limsup_{n\to\infty}g(n)/n=+\infty, where g(n)=g0(n)g(n)=g_{\mathbf{0}}(n). Let λc(t)\lambda_{\mathrm{c}}(t) and tc(λ)t_{\mathrm{c}}(\lambda) be the critical particle-density and lifespan parameters of the frog model. Existence conjecture. For every t>0t>0, 0<λc(t)<0<\lambda_{\mathrm{c}}(t)<\infty, and for every λ>0\lambda>0, 0<tc(λ)<0<t_{\mathrm{c}}(\lambda)<\infty. This conjecture was resolved through the joint efforts of several works, especially the work cited in the source as PercolationPhaseTran.

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Primary source

Omer Angel, Daniel de la Riva, Jonathan Hermon and Yuliang Shi, “Existence and sharpness of the phase transition for the frog model on transitive graphs”, arXiv:2512.06640 (2026).

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