The value of the extremal second-quotient constant for remainder-real entire functions

Let R\mathcal R be the set of all entire functions

f(z)=∑k=0∞akzkf(z)=\sum_{k=0}^\infty a_k z^k

such that, for every l∈N∪{0}l\in\mathbb N\cup\{0\}, the remainder

Rl[f](z)=∑k=l∞akzkR_l[f](z)=\sum_{k=l}^\infty a_k z^k

has only real nonpositive zeros. Define

c=inf⁡{qn(f)∣f∈R, n=2,3,…}.c=\inf\left\{q_n(f)\mid f\in\mathcal R,\ n=2,3,\ldots\right\}.

Extremal-constant problem. In the previous problem, c=q∞c=q_\infty.

The preceding theorem gives the lower bound qn(f)>3q_n(f)>3 for every function in R\mathcal R and every n≥2n\geq2. This statement identifies the infimum from the preceding problem with the limiting second quotient q∞q_\infty, but the supplied text does not define q∞q_\infty further or establish the value of the constant.

References

Primary source

Olga Katkova and Anna Vishnyakova, “Convolution operators preserving the set of totally positive sequences”, arXiv:2512.06468 (2025).

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