A linear bound for zero-sum Ramsey numbers over composite moduli

Let kk be a positive integer, let ck=c(k)c_k=c(k) be an integer, and let GG be a graph on nn vertices such that kE(G)k\mid E(G). The composite-modulus linear-bound conjecture. There is an integer ck=c(k)c_k=c(k) such that, for all nn and all graphs GG on nn vertices,

R(G,Zk)n+ck.R(G,\mathbb{Z}_k)\leq n+c_k.

The preceding conjecture concerns prime moduli, whereas this proposal asks for the analogous uniform linear bound for every positive modulus. The constant is allowed to depend on kk but not on nn or on the graph GG.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Lucas Colucci and Marco D'Emidio, “A linear upper bound on the zero-sum Ramsey number of forests in Z_p”, arXiv:2512.06229 (2026).

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