De Palma–Trevisan's triangle inequality conjecture for the quantum Wasserstein divergence

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Let W2,DPTW_{2,\mathrm{DPT}} be the quantum Wasserstein divergence defined from the De Palma–Trevisan quantum Wasserstein distance by

W2,DPT(ρ,σ)=D(ρ,σ)2−12D(ρ,ρ)2−12D(σ,σ)2.W_{2,\mathrm{DPT}}(\rho,\sigma)=\sqrt{D(\rho,\sigma)^2-\frac 1 2D(\rho,\rho)^2-\frac 1 2 D(\sigma,\sigma)^2}.

Here D(ρ,σ)D(\rho,\sigma) is the original quadratic quantum Wasserstein distance associated with a given set of self-adjoint cost operators x1,…,xdx_1,\dots,x_d. De Palma–Trevisan's conjecture. The map W2,DPTW_{2,\mathrm{DPT}} satisfies the triangle inequality. This would show that the modified distance is a genuine metric, apart from possible degeneracy depending on the chosen cost operators. The triangle inequality was left open by De Palma and Trevisan.

References

Primary source

Melchior Wirth, “Triangle Inequality for a Quantum Wasserstein Divergence”, arXiv:2511.20450 (2025).

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