The exceptional-order conjecture for decomposing complete graphs into squares of Hamilton cycles

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Let KnK_n be the complete graph on nn vertices, let CnC_n be a Hamilton cycle on these vertices, and let Cn2C_n^2 denote its square, obtained by joining pairs at distance at most two on the cycle. A square-of-Hamilton-cycle decomposition conjecture. For any n≡1(mod4)n \equiv 1 \pmod 4, n≠9n \not= 9, there is a decomposition of E(Kn)E(K_n) into copies of Cn2C_n^2. This strengthens the expected divisibility condition for packing squares of Hamilton cycles and is intended to guide explicit constructions; the cases n=21,25,33,45,49,57,65,69n=21,25,33,45,49,57,65,69 are known, while n=73n=73 is described as the smallest unresolved case.

References

Primary source

Olaf Parczyk, Silas Rathke and Tibor Szabó, “The maximum diameter of 2-dimensional simplicial complexes”, arXiv:2511.10144 (2025).

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