Deformation invariance of semiampleness and generalized plurigenera

Let π:XΔ\pi:\mathcal{X}\rightarrow \Delta be a smooth family of compact Kähler manifolds, or even of compact complex manifolds in Fujiki class C\mathcal{C}, meaning manifolds bimeromorphic to compact Kähler manifolds. Write KXtK_{X_t} for the canonical line bundle of the fiber over tt, and let KXK_{\mathcal{X}} denote the canonical line bundle of the total space. A line bundle is semiample if some positive tensor power is globally generated, and KXK_{\mathcal{X}} is π\pi-semiample over an open subset if such a power is generated relative to that subset. If KX0K_{X_0} is nef, then

Deformation invariance conjecture. For every tΔt\in\Delta, KXtK_{X_t} is semiample and KXK_{\mathcal{X}} is π\pi-semiample over π1(Ut)\pi^{-1}(U_t), where UtU_t is a Zariski neighborhood of tt. Furthermore, for every i0i\geq 0 and m1m\geq 1, the generalized mm-genus Pmi(Xt)P^i_m(X_t) is independent of tΔt\in\Delta.

This proposes extending the corresponding stability of semiampleness and deformation invariance of generalized plurigenera known for smooth Kähler families of threefolds to arbitrary dimensions and to families in Fujiki class C\mathcal{C}. The proposed extension remains open in the stated generality.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Mu-Lin Li, Sheng Rao and Kai Wang, “Deformation of nef adjoint canonical line bundles”, arXiv:2510.23967 (2025).

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