Sharp L2L6L^2\to L^6 extension inequality conjecture on the circle

Let S1\mathbb{S}^1 be the unit circle with surface measure σ\sigma, let fσ^\widehat{f\sigma} denote the Fourier extension of fL2(S1)f\in L^2(\mathbb{S}^1), and let J0J_0 be the Bessel function of the first kind of order zero. Define

Copt:=supfL2(S1), f0fσ^L6(R2)6fL2(S1)6.C_{\mathrm{opt}}:=\sup_{f\in L^2(\mathbb{S}^1),\ f\neq 0}\frac{\|\widehat{f\sigma}\|_{L^6(\mathbb{R}^2)}^6}{\|f\|_{L^2(\mathbb{S}^1)}^6}.

Sharp L2L6L^2\to L^6 extension conjecture. For all fL2(S1){0}f\in L^2(\mathbb{S}^1)\setminus\{0\},

fσ^L6(R2)6fL2(S1)6Copt=σ^L6(R2)61L2(S1)6=(2π)4(0J06(r)rdr).\frac{\|\widehat{f\sigma}\|_{L^6(\mathbb{R}^2)}^6}{\|f\|_{L^2(\mathbb{S}^1)}^6}\leq C_{\mathrm{opt}}=\frac{\|\widehat{\sigma}\|_{L^6(\mathbb{R}^2)}^6}{\|\boldsymbol{1}\|_{L^2(\mathbb{S}^1)}^6}=(2\pi)^4\left(\int_0^{\infty}J_0^6(r)r\,dr\right).

This asserts that constant functions attain the sharp extension constant in the remaining even-exponent case for the circle. Extremizers are known to exist and to have additional regularity and symmetry, but the stated sharp inequality was not assigned a resolution status in the source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Felipe Gonçalves and João Paulo Ferreira, “On a Sharp Fourier Extension Inequality on the Circle with Lacunary Spectrum”, arXiv:2510.20934 (2025).

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