Conjectured Hilbert-Schmidt radius for absolutely PPT qutrit-qudit states

Let M3MnM_3\otimes M_n be equipped with the Hilbert-Schmidt norm, and let I/(3n)I/(3n) denote the maximally mixed state. Consider the smallest Euclidean ball centered at I/(3n)I/(3n) that contains all absolutely PPT states in a 3n3\otimes n system. Geometric-radius conjecture. Its radius is

{13nif n0(mod4),27n2+6n1(9n+1)3nif n1(mod4),27n2+12n4(9n+2)3nif n2(mod4),27n26n1(9n1)3nif n3(mod4).\begin{cases} \frac1{3\sqrt n} &\text{if } n\equiv 0\pmod 4,\\ \frac{\sqrt{27n^2+6n-1}}{(9n+1)\sqrt{3n}} &\text{if } n\equiv 1\pmod 4,\\ \frac{\sqrt{27n^2+12n-4}}{(9n+2)\sqrt{3n}} &\text{if } n\equiv 2\pmod 4,\\ \frac{\sqrt{27n^2-6n-1}}{(9n-1)\sqrt{3n}} &\text{if } n\equiv 3\pmod 4. \end{cases}

This is the geometric reformulation of the conjectured maximum-purity formula for absolutely PPT qutrit-qudit states; the numerical estimates do not establish the formula, so it remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Hoang Phi Dung and Vu The Khoi, “On the maximum purity of absolutely separable bipartite states”, arXiv:2510.19508 (2025).

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