The ultimate homological characterization of complexity classes

Let C\mathcal{C} be a natural complexity class, let h(L)h(L) denote the homological complexity of a problem LL, and let SCS_{\mathcal{C}} be a subset of N{}\mathbb{N}\cup\{\infty\}. Ultimate homological characterization. Every natural complexity class C\mathcal{C} can be characterized by

C={L:h(L)SC}\mathcal{C}=\{L:h(L)\in S_{\mathcal{C}}\}

for some set SCN{}S_{\mathcal{C}}\subseteq\mathbb{N}\cup\{\infty\}. This conjectures that homological complexity completely classifies natural complexity classes. The source gives no resolution and does not specify which sets SCS_{\mathcal{C}} arise, so the claim remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jian-Gang Tang, “A Homological Separation of P from NP via Computational Topology and Category Theory”, arXiv:2510.17829 (2025).

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