Smallest spectral-gap conjecture for perfect matching association scheme graphs

From papers

Let n5n\geqslant 5, and let AμA_\mu be the adjacency matrix of the relation indexed by a partition μn\mu\vdash n in the perfect matching association scheme. Exclude the trivial relation indexed by [1n][1^n].

Smallest spectral-gap conjecture. Among the adjacency matrices

{Aμμn, μ[1n]},\{A_\mu\mid \mu\vdash n,\ \mu\neq[1^n]\},

the smallest spectral gap is attained by A[2,1n2]A_{[2,1^{n-2}]}.

The spectral gap controls connectivity-related properties of these regular graphs, and the conjecture identifies the relation expected to minimize it among all nontrivial relations. The source gives no evidence of a resolution, so the conjecture remains open.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Himanshu Gupta, Allen Herman, Alice Lacaze-Masmonteil, Roghayeh Maleki and Karen Meagher, “On the second largest eigenvalue of certain graphs in the perfect matching association scheme”, arXiv:2510.17135 (2025).

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