The Index Conjecture à la Shen et al. for coprime-term sequences

Let GG be an additive cyclic group of order nn, and let (y)n(y)_n denote the least nonnegative representative of yy modulo nn. For a sequence S=(a1)(ak)S=(a_1)\dots(a_k) over GG, define

ind(S)=min{i=1k(gai)nn:gG},\operatorname{ind}(S)=\min\left\{\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{k}(ga_i)_n}{n}:g\in G^*\right\},

where GG^* is the set of integers less than and coprime to nn. A sequence is minimal zero-sum if it sums to zero and has no proper, nontrivial zero-sum subsequence.

The Index Conjecture à la Shen et al. For gcd(n,6)=1\gcd(n,6)=1, let S=(a1)(a2)(a3)(a4)S=(a_1)(a_2)(a_3)(a_4) be a minimal zero-sum sequence over GG. Suppose gcd(n,ai)=1\gcd(n,a_i)=1 for all ii. Then

ind(S)=1.\operatorname{ind}(S)=1.

Shen et al. proved that establishing this coprime-term case suffices to prove the Index Conjecture. Thus this is a sufficient reduction of the main conjecture rather than a separate independent target; the supplied status evidence identifies the reduction as proven.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Andrew Pendleton, “Improved Bounds for the Index Conjecture in Zero-Sum Theory”, arXiv:2510.11976 (2025).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2014–2025). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:1401.8021.

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