Conjecture on generators with nonsquare quadratic translate over finite fields

Let pp be an odd prime, and write (Z/pZ)∗(\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})^{*} for the multiplicative group of nonzero residue classes modulo pp. A residue class k‾\overline{k} is a generator if it generates this group, and a residue class is a square modulo pp if it is a square in (Z/pZ)∗(\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})^{*}. The generator–nonsquare conjecture. For every odd prime pp, there exists a generator k‾\overline{k} of (Z/pZ)∗(\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})^{*} such that k‾2+4‾\overline{k}^{2}+\overline{4} is not a square modulo pp. The conjecture was verified computationally for all primes between 33 and 2 000 0002\,000\,000, but no general proof is given.

References

Primary source

Flavien Mabilat, “Étude de quelques familles de λ-quiddités et minoration de la taille maximale des λ-quiddités irréductibles sur un corps fini”, arXiv:2510.09219 (2025).

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