Non-concavity conjecture for the critical curve of long-range percolation

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Let d≥2d\geq 2, let k>1k>1, and consider the critical curve p↦qc(p)p\mapsto q_c(p) for the case m=2m=2 and l=1l=1 of long-range percolation on an oriented dd-ary tree. For a function qcq_c, concavity on an interval means that its graph lies above every chord joining two points of the graph.

Non-concavity conjecture. There exists δ=δ(k,d)>0\delta=\delta(k,d)>0 such that p↦qc(p)p\mapsto q_c(p) is not concave on [0,δ][0,\delta].

This claim formalizes the observation that the critical curve, contrary to an intuitive concave depiction, appears convex near p=0p=0 when l=1l=1 and k≥2k\geq 2. The supplied text does not state whether the claim has been proved or remains open.

References

Primary source

Olivier Couronné, Sandro Gallo and Leonardo T. Rolla, “The critical curve of long-range percolation on oriented trees”, arXiv:2510.03922 (2025).

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