Nonuniqueness conjecture for quotient-neck singularities in Ricci flow

Let k3k\geq3. Consider Ricci flow on S1×S3/ZkS^1\times S^3/\mathbb{Z}_k, and call a singularity a quotient-neck singularity when its tangent flow is R×S3/Zk\mathbb{R}\times S^3/\mathbb{Z}_k. Nonuniqueness conjecture. There exist a Ricci flow on S1×S3/ZkS^1\times S^3/\mathbb{Z}_k that forms a quotient-neck singularity with tangent flow R×S3/Zk\mathbb{R}\times S^3/\mathbb{Z}_k, and continuous nonuniquely modelled either on the Bryant soliton modulo Zk\mathbb{Z}_k or on Appleton's cohomogeneity-one soliton on the line bundle OCP1(k)O_{\mathbb{CP}^1}(-k). The source presents this as a proposed resolution of the remaining uniqueness-versus-nonuniqueness problem in critical dimension four; its status is therefore treated as open despite the parser's resolved flag, which refers to the surrounding conditional discussion.

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Primary source

Robert Haslhofer, “Mean curvature flow through singularities”, arXiv:2510.01355 (2025).

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