Constant-curvature convergence conjecture for normalized Ricci flow on trees

Let T=(V,E)T=(V,E) be a tree with an initial metric wR>0Ew\in\mathbb{R}_{>0}^{E}, and let the metric w(t)w(t) evolve under the normalized Ricci flow. The flow converges to a metric with constant curvature if there exists a metric w()R0Ew(\infty)\in\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0}^{E} such that

limtw(t)=w()\lim_{t\to\infty}w(t)=w(\infty)

and, writing E+={eE(T):we()>0}E^{+}=\{e\in E(T):w_e(\infty)>0\}, the curvature under w()w(\infty) is the same on every edge in E+E^{+}. Constant-curvature convergence conjecture. For every tree with an initial metric, the normalized Ricci flow converges to a metric with constant curvature. This conjecture proposes a global asymptotic property of normalized Ricci flow on trees; the supplied source does not establish whether it is known or remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Shuliang Bai, Bobo Hua, Yong Lin and Shuang Liu, “On the Ricci flow on Trees”, arXiv:2509.22140 (2026).

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