Favre's algebraic-integrality conjecture for dynamical degrees

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Let kk be a field, let nn be a positive integer, and let f∈End⁡(Akn)f\in\operatorname{End}(\mathbb{A}^n_k). Its dynamical degree is

λ(f):=lim⁡r→∞(deg⁡(fr))1/r,\lambda(f):=\lim_{r\to\infty}\bigl(\deg(f^r)\bigr)^{1/r},

where deg⁡(f)\deg(f) is the maximum of the degrees of the coordinate polynomials of ff. Favre's conjecture. The dynamical degree λ(f)\lambda(f) of any element f∈End⁡(Akn)f\in\operatorname{End}(\mathbb{A}^n_k) is an algebraic integer of degree at most nn. This would constrain the possible asymptotic degree growth of polynomial self-maps in arbitrary dimension; the statement is posed as a natural question after known low-dimensional examples, but its resolution is not supplied here.

References

Primary source

Enbo Shao and Xiaosong Sun, “Dynamical degrees of affine-triangular automorphisms in dimension four”, arXiv:2509.14584 (2025).

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