Frozen-corner determinant conjecture for alternating sign matrices

From papers

Let AnA_n be the number of n×nn\times n alternating sign matrices, and let Bn,sB_{n,s} be the number of such matrices having an s×ss\times s square of zero entries located in a corner. Define

gn(z):=2F1(n+1n2n1z),g_n(z):={}_2F_1\left(\left.\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{ -n+1\quad n }{ 2n } \right| 1-z\right), fi±(z):=[1±(1)iz](1z)i1zigns+i(z).f_i^{\pm}(z):=\left[1\pm(-1)^i z\right]\frac{(1-z)^{i-1}}{z^i}g_{n-s+i}(z).

For fixed nn and ss, let MM be the s×ss\times s matrix with entries

Mij:=Ans+jAns+j1C0C0fi+(z)fj(w)1zwdzdw(2πi)2,i,j=1,,s,M_{ij}:=\frac{A_{n-s+j}}{A_{n-s+j-1}}\oint_{C_0}\oint_{C_0}\frac{f_i^+(z)f_j^-(w)}{1-z-w}\frac{\mathrm{d}z\,\mathrm{d}w}{(2\pi\mathrm{i})^2},\qquad i,j=1,\dots,s,

where C0C_0 is a small closed contour around the origin containing no other singularity of the integrand.

Frozen-corner determinant conjecture. The number Bn,sB_{n,s} may be evaluated as

Bn,s=Andet1i,js(1M),B_{n,s}=A_n\det_{1\leq i,j\leq s}(1-M),

where MM is equivalently given by the explicit finite-sum expression in the source or by the preceding hypergeometric and contour-integral definitions.

The formula is proposed on the basis of numerical support and is intended to enumerate ASMs with a prescribed frozen corner. Its status is unresolved in the supplied source.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Filippo Colomo and Andrei G. Pronko, “Frozen-corner enumeration of Alternating Sign Matrices”, arXiv:2509.14006 (2026).

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