Non-universality conjecture for the first non-universal term in Kac polynomial real zeros
Non-universality conjecture for the first non-universal term in Kac polynomial real zeros
Let be a Kac random polynomial, where the coefficients are independent and identically distributed copies of a random variable . Assume that has mean zero, variance one, and a finite -moment for some . Let denote the number of real roots of . Non-universality conjecture. There exists a constant depending only on such that
Moreover, is non-universal; in particular, it may differ from the Gaussian constant when is non-Gaussian. The leading term is known to be universal, with the expected number of real roots equal to under these moment assumptions, while the conjectured constant term is expected to retain information about the coefficient distribution. Its existence and non-universality beyond the Gaussian case remain open.
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Primary source
Phuc Lam and Oanh Nguyen, “On the First Non-Universal Term in Random Polynomial Real Zeros”, arXiv:2509.12170 (2025).
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