The beta-representation formula for the stabilisability radius

From papers

Let βR>1\beta\in\mathbb{R}_{>1}, let cc be the contraction factor associated with A2A_2, and let M(θ,c,β){\cal M}(\theta,c,\beta) denote the corresponding switched-system matrix family. If dˉ(β)\bar{d}(\beta) is the limiting average digit in the beta representation associated with the switching sequence, then the beta-representation formula.

limθ0ρ~(M(θ,c,β))=c1/(dˉ(β)+1)\lim_{\theta\to 0}\tilde{\rho}({\cal M}(\theta,c,\beta))=c^{1/(\bar{d}(\beta)+1)}

This formula is obtained under the assumption that the simplifications in the switched-system analysis are valid, by relating the average number of A1A_1 transformations to the average beta digit. The supplied text does not state whether the formula has been proved or identify the precise definition of dˉ(β)\bar{d}(\beta), so its status remains open.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Carl P. Dettmann, “Beta representations with minimal average digit”, arXiv:2509.08532 (2026).

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