The restricted interleaving metric conjecture for merge trees

Let MT\mathrm{MT} be the space of merge trees, and let MTn⊆MT\mathrm{MT}_n\subseteq\mathrm{MT} denote the subspace of merge trees with at most nn leaves. For merge trees in this space, write (dI)^n\widehat{(d_I)}_n for the intrinsic metric induced by the interleaving distance, while d^I\widehat{d}_I and dId_I denote the unrestricted intrinsic and interleaving distances, respectively.

Restricted interleaving metric conjecture. When n=1,2n=1,2,

(dI)^n=d^I=dI.\widehat{(d_I)}_n=\widehat{d}_I=d_I.

When n>2n>2, there exist merge trees (T,f),(T′,f′)∈MTn(T,f),(T',f')\in\mathrm{MT}_n such that

(dI)^n((T,f),(T′,f′))>dI((T,f),(T′,f′)).\widehat{(d_I)}_n\big((T,f),(T',f')\big)>d_I\big((T,f),(T',f')\big).

This asks whether the subspace of merge trees with at most nn leaves is convex in the interleaving metric. The equality is known for n=1,2n=1,2, while for n>2n>2 the conjecture predicts that the restricted intrinsic metric can be strictly larger than the ambient interleaving distance.

References

Primary source

David Beers and Gillian Grindstaff, “Intrinsic Bottleneck Distance for Merge Trees”, arXiv:2509.02755 (2026).

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