High-order discrete adiabatic convergence under boundary cancellation

From papers

Let W(s)W(s)) be a discrete evolution operator whose eigenvalues are separated into groups σP(s)\sigma_P(s) and σQ(s)\sigma_Q(s) as in the stated adiabatic assumptions, let ψ\left\vert\psi\right\rangle lie in the eigenspace corresponding to σP(0)\sigma_P(0), and let P(s)P(s) denote the spectral projection of W(s)W(s) onto σP(s)\sigma_P(s). Suppose that W(s)W(s) satisfies the boundary cancellation condition

W(j)(0)=W(j)(1)=0for all j1.W^{(j)}(0)=W^{(j)}(1)=0\quad\text{for all }j\geq 1.

For any integer TT and any positive integer kk, the discrete evolution U(s)U(s) satisfies

High-order discrete adiabatic convergence conjecture.

U(1)ψP(1)U(1)ψCkTk,\left\|U(1)\left\vert\psi\right\rangle-P(1)U(1)\left\vert\psi\right\rangle\right\|\leq\frac{C_k}{T^k},

where CkC_k is independent of TT. The conjecture asserts super-polynomial suppression of the discrete diabatic error under boundary cancellation. The cited proof has a missing step, so the result is not rigorously established, although numerical tests support the claimed convergence.

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Primary source

Dong An, Pedro C. S. Costa and Dominic W. Berry, “Large time-step discretisation of adiabatic quantum dynamics”, arXiv:2509.00171 (2025).

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