Polynomial-time hardness conjecture for balanced independent sets in dense random bipartite graphs

Let Gbip(n,p)G_{\mathrm{bip}}(n,p) be the random bipartite graph in the online model considered in the source, let γ\gamma be the balance parameter, and let αCOMP\alpha_{\rm COMP} denote the computational threshold defined earlier in the paper. Polynomial-time hardness conjecture. For any ϵ>0\epsilon>0 and p=Θ(1)p=\Theta(1), no polynomial-time algorithm finds a γ\gamma-balanced independent set of size (1+ϵ)αCOMP(1+\epsilon)\alpha_{\rm COMP} in Gbip(n,p)G_{\mathrm{bip}}(n,p) whp. This conjecture concerns the computational gap for online balanced independent sets in dense random bipartite graphs; the paper's results provide rigorous evidence for the claimed threshold, while the conjecture itself remains open.

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Primary source

Abhishek Dhawan, Eren C. Kızıldağ and Neeladri Maitra, “Sharp Online Hardness for Large Balanced Independent Sets”, arXiv:2508.20785 (2025).

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