Maximal-dimension conjecture for constant-rank affine spaces of nilpotent matrices

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Let n∈N−{0}n\in\mathbb{N}-\{0\} and let KK be a field. Let SS be an affine subspace of M(n×n,K)M(n\times n,K) such that every element of SS is nilpotent, and assume that each element of SS has rank equal to r≥1r\geq 1. Constant-rank nilpotent dimension conjecture. If ∣K∣|K| is sufficiently large, then the maximal dimension SS can attain is

∑i=1r(n−1−i)=r2(2n−r−3).\sum_{i=1}^r(n-1-i)=\frac{r}{2}(2n-r-3).

This predicts the sharp dimension bound for affine spaces consisting of nilpotent matrices of fixed rank, extending the dimension question beyond the rank-one case and subject to a sufficiently large-field hypothesis.

References

Primary source

Simone Calamai and Elena Rubei, “On the dimension of affine subspaces of nilpotent matrices”, arXiv:2508.06653 (2025).

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