Dickson–Hardy–Littlewood prime tuples conjecture for two linear forms

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Let W≥1W\geq 1 be fixed, and let b1,b2b_1,b_2 be fixed distinct integers coprime to WW. For each prime pp, let νp(W⋅+b1,W⋅+b2)\nu_p(W\cdot+b_1,W\cdot+b_2) be the number of distinct residue classes modulo pp represented by b1,b2b_1,b_2 when p∤Wp\nmid W, and let it be zero when p∣Wp\mid W. Dickson–Hardy–Littlewood prime tuples conjecture. As X→∞X\to\infty, the number of integers n≤Xn\leq X for which Wn+b1Wn+b_1 and Wn+b2Wn+b_2 are both prime satisfies

∼XWlog⁡2X∏p(1−1p)−2(1−νp(W⋅+b1,W⋅+b2)p).\sim \frac{X}{W\log^2 X}\prod_p\left(1-\frac{1}{p}\right)^{-2}\left(1-\frac{\nu_p(W\cdot+b_1,W\cdot+b_2)}{p}\right).

This is the two-linear-form case of the prime tuples conjecture and is used here as a conditional input for the asymptotic count of prime pairs with prescribed local conditions. Its resolution is not known in general.

References

Primary source

Ayla Gafni and Terence Tao, “Rough numbers between consecutive primes”, arXiv:2508.06463 (2025).

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