Bapat–Sunder's permanent Hadamard-product inequality

From papers

Let Hn\mathcal{H}_n be the set of n×nn\times n positive semidefinite Hermitian matrices. For matrices A=[ai,j]A=[a_{i,j}] and B=[bi,j]B=[b_{i,j}] in Hn\mathcal{H}_n, define the Hadamard product by (AB)=[ai,jbi,j](A\circ B)=[a_{i,j}b_{i,j}]. Bapat–Sunder's conjecture. If A,BHnA,B\in\mathcal{H}_n, then

per(AB)per(A)i=1nbi,i.\operatorname{per}(A\circ B)\leq \operatorname{per}(A)\prod_{i=1}^n b_{i,i}.

This is the permanental counterpart of Oppenheim's determinant inequality. The conjecture was disproved by Drury; the status is therefore refuted.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Léo Pioge, Kamil K. Pietrasz, Benoit Seron, Leonardo Novo and Nicolas J. Cerf, “A logical implication between two conjectures on matrix permanents”, arXiv:2508.00111 (2025).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2021–2025). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2101.03428.

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